ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Associated factors for birth-related post-traumatic stress symptoms using a birth-specific measurement: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Structured psychological nursing and postpartum psychological outcomes in primiparous women: a retrospective temporal cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOne third of all childbirths are experienced as traumatic, which is a risk for developing birth-related PTSD (BR-PTSD). Understanding factors that increase the level of BR-PTSD symptoms (BR-PTSS) is crucial for the development of adequate preventive strategies. Most previous research has utilised general PTSD measurements, which negatively impacts its validity. This study therefore aimed to assess associated factors for BR-PTSS using a birth-specific instrument.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, BR-PTSS was measured using City Birth Trauma Scale. Information on prenatal and birth-related associated factors and comorbid symptoms of postpartum depression was collected via a self-report questionnaire including Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2. Independent significant associated factors were analysed using single and multiple linear regression. The results were controlled for comorbidity with postpartum depression.
resultsIndependent significant associated factors were previous traumatic experience, primiparity, complications in pregnancy or childbirth, and a negative subjective experience of childbirth. When controlling for comorbidity with postpartum depression, significant associated factors were primiparity, complications in pregnancy or childbirth and a negative subjective experience of childbirth.
conclusionsThis study identifies a negative subjective experience of birth as the most important associated factor for BR-PTSS and highlights the importance of modifiable factors. Our findings indicate that implementation of care acknowledging past trauma and primiparity, and evaluating the birth experience can help identify individuals with higher BR-PTSS. Future research should explore the effect on BR-PTSS when evaluating strategies focused on preventing and mitigating the experience of complications in pregnancy and birth, providing safe and supportive care, and promoting agency and self-efficacy during labour.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.