ArticleScientific reports2025
What makes a dog a label-learner: individual cognitive differences underlying label-learning abilities in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris).
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Only a few dogs in the world are label-learners, with the ability to process and retain a vast number of object referents. Here we present data from a battery of cognitive tests that could explain why they outperform their conspecifics. In a citizen science approach, we instructed dog owners across five different countries, on how to administer a series of eight cognitive tests to their dogs. The group of label-learner dogs (N = 11) was then compared to control dogs (N = 11) that did not have that label learning ability. Our experiment demonstrates, for the first time, that the label-learner dogs' ability might be based on measurable individual differences in three specific cognitive domains: their interest in novel objects, their targeted interest in objects and their inhibitory skills. Future research, replicating the results on a larger sample, can explore if the label-learner dogs' outstanding cognitive skills are already present at the puppy stage or develop over time.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.