ArticleScientific reports2025
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting ectopic pregnancy in patients receiving double fresh cleavage stage embryo transfer.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a common yet fatal complication of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We aim to establish and validate a nomogram in patients undergoing double fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer, which remains a mainstream strategy in infertile patients. Data from 7456 patients were reviewed and divided into training and validation sets. Logistic analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors, with calibration and decision-curve analyses performed to evaluate model performance. The model divided patients into high- and low-risk groups, showing different 48-h serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) rising thresholds. It showed that Tubal factor infertility (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.680, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.129-2.500, P = 0.011), previous tubal surgery (OR = 2.667, 95% CI 1.772-4.015, P < 0.001), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (OR = 1.809, 95% CI 1.169-2.799, P = 0.008), uterine malformation (OR = 5.663, 95% CI 1.524-21.043, P = 0.010), endometrial thickness (OR = 0.585, 95% CI 0.522-0.655, P < 0.001) and serum estradiol levels (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 1.000-1.000, P < 0.001) on triggering day were independent risk factors for EP after double fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer. The area under curve (AUC) values for the training and validation sets were 0.768 (95% CI 0.732-0.805, P < 0.001) and 0.756 (95% CI 0.703-0.810, P < 0.001), respectively. The nomogram further divided all participants into high EP risk and low EP risk with a cut-off score of 86.1 based on the maximum value of Youden Index in order to investigate different subsequent interventions based on serum HCG level. Patients in high EP risk group suffered significantly higher incidence of EP (OR = 4.902, 95% CI 3.597-6.667, P < 0.001 and OR = 4.587, 95% CI 2.899-7.246, P < 0.001). Higher 48-h serum HCG rising thresholds (2.18 vs. 1.74 and 2.10 vs. 1.66) also applied to patients from high EP risk group. The nomogram effectively predicts individual EP probability in patients receiving double fresh cleavage-stage embryo transfer, thereby aiding screening high-risk patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.