Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41285861›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

A deterministic neuromorphic architecture with scalable time synchronization.

Congyang Li, Nabil Imam, Rajit Manohar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Congyang LiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6983-2003
Nabil ImamSchool of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Rajit ManoharDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. rajit.manohar@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-6602

Funding

National Science Foundation (NSF) 2223811National Science Foundation (NSF) 2319060United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FA8650-18-2-7850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Custom integrated circuits modeling biological neural networks serve as tools for studying brain computation and platforms for exploring new architectures and learning rules of artificial neural networks. Time synchronization across network units is an important aspect of these designs to ensure reproducible results and maintain hardware-software equivalence. Current approaches rely on global synchronization protocols, which fundamentally limit system scalability. To overcome this, we develop NeuroScale, a decentralized and scalable neuromorphic architecture that uses local, aperiodic synchronization to preserve determinism without global coordination. Cores of co-localized compute and memory elements model neural and synaptic processes, including spike filtering operations, subthreshold neural dynamics, and online Hebbian learning rules. Multiple cores communicate via spikes across a routing mesh, using distributed event-driven synchronization to efficiently scale to large networks. We compare this synchronization protocol to the global barrier synchronization approaches of IBM TrueNorth and Intel Loihi, demonstrating NeuroScale's advantages for large system sizes.

Identifiers

PMID41285861
PMCPMC12645053

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.