Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41285776›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Monolithic lithium niobate photonic chip for efficient terahertz-optic modulation and terahertz generation.

Yiwen Zhang, Jingwei Yang, Yuansong Zeng, Zhaoxi Chen, Hanke Feng, Sha Zhu, Kam-Man Shum, Chi Hou Chan, Cheng Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yiwen Zhang *Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-4175
Jingwei Yang *Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Yuansong ZengState Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Zhaoxi ChenDepartment of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Hanke FengDepartment of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-5352
Sha ZhuInstitute of Intelligent Photonics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-5145
Kam-Man ShumState Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-8581
Chi Hou ChanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9718-0831
Cheng WangDepartment of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. cwang257@cityu.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-1422

Funding

Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC) CityU 11204820, CityU 11212721, CityU 11204022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The terahertz (THz) range, bridging microwave and infrared frequencies, enables advanced imaging, sensing, communications, and spectroscopy. Analogous to microwave photonics, terahertz photonics offers a promising optical solution to critical THz challenges-THz-optical interfacing, including THz-optic modulation and optical generation of THz waves. We address these with a monolithic integrated photonic chip enabling efficient THz-optical bidirectional interaction. Leveraging strong second-order optical nonlinearity and optical/THz confinement in thin-film lithium niobate on quartz, the chip supports efficient THz-optic modulation and continuous THz generation up to 500 GHz. The measured continuous wave THz generation efficiency of 4.8 × 10

Identifiers

PMID41285776
PMCPMC12644555

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.