Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41285611›Full record

ArticleAnnals of family medicine2025

Medical Interpreting in Primary Care: Design and Validation of a Replicable Training Program.

D Mike Hardin, Jesús Andrés Osornio, José R Peña, Esther Hur, Karol J Hardin

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of family medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

D Mike HardinWaco Family Medicine - Institute, Waco, Texas mike.hardin@wacofamilymedicine.org.
Jesús Andrés OsornioSam Houston State University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, Texas.
José R PeñaWaco Family Medicine - Institute, Waco, Texas.
Esther HurDepartment of Modern Languages and Cultures, Baylor University, Waco, Texas.
Karol J HardinDepartment of Modern Languages and Cultures, Baylor University, Waco, Texas.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLanguage-concordant and professional interpreter-mediated care improve health outcomes, but clinics often lack resources to meet these needs. We developed and tested a replicable process to train heritage Spanish-speaking employees as qualified dual-role interpreters.

methodsOur interdisciplinary team conducted a single-group, pretest-post-test study in a community health center. Participants (137 individuals) completed a demographic survey, a self-assessment of Spanish proficiency, a formal oral proficiency test of general Spanish, a 40-hour online medical interpreter course, and pre- and post-training interpretation assessments. We used a multivariate regression analysis, Spearman's rank-order correlation, and paired

resultsOf 137 enrolled, 87 completed training and post-assessment. Heritage speakers had limited ability to predict their general Spanish proficiency (β = .14,

conclusionsAn affordable, online training program can effectively prepare heritage Spanish-speaking clinic employees to be qualified interpreters. Clinics can use this approach to meet federal language access standards and address health disparities.Abstract also available in

Indexed as

Communication BarriersMedical InterpretingPrimary Health CareTranslatingAdultFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle Agedcommunity health centershealthcare disparitiesheritage speakersinterpreter traininglimited English proficiencymedical interpretingself-assessmentstaff development

Identifiers

PMID41285611
PMCPMC12772684

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.