ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Avian Influenza Virus A(H5N1) Genotype D1.1 Is Better Adapted to Human Nasal and Airway Organoids Than Genotype B3.13.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Airway organoids reveal patterns of influenza A tropism and adaptation in wildlife species.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Risk assessment of avian influenza A(H5N5) virus from the first human case using the ferret model.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Mammary Gland Tropism and Milk-Mediated Transmission of H5N1 in Dairy Cattle: Implications for One Health Surveillance.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Cellular tropism of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in human respiratory and bovine mammary epithelial cells.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and Genomic Characterization of H5 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses in Jining City, 2024-2025.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Variable transmission efficiency of mammalian origin HPAI D1.1 H5N1 strains in ferrets.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Replication Efficiency of Contemporary Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Isolates in Human Nasal Epithelium Model.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tropism and Replication Competence of Cattle Influenza A(H5N1) Genotype B3.13 Virus in Human Bronchus and Lung Tissue.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Predicting highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreak risk using extreme weather and bird migration data in machine learning models.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Avian influenza overview December 2025-February 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Auto-antibodies neutralizing type I interferons in ~10% of Moroccan patients with life-threatening COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Converging threats: The intersection of seasonal influenza surges and zoonotic highly pathogenic avian influenza.Global health & medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Three critically ill or fatal avian influenza A(H5N1) human infections have been reported in North America since November 2024. Notably, all were infected with genotype D1.1 instead of B3.13, the dominant genotype before November 2024. Here, we demonstrated that D1.1 could replicate to higher titers in human nasal and airway organoid-derived transwell monolayers from 6 donors. D1.1 exhibited a better binding to α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acid than B3.13. No significant differences in most inflammatory or antiviral cytokines/chemokines were observed. These observations suggest that D1.1 is better adapted to both the upper and lower human respiratory tract epithelium than B3.13.
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