ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026
Parity as a Risk Factor for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Population-based Study.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Parity as a Risk Factor for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Population-based Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextFemale sex is a risk factor for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), potentially due to reproductive influences. However, data on the association between parity and DTC risk remain inconsistent.
objectiveTo assess the association between parity and DTC risk in a high-multiparity population.
designPopulation-based case-control study (1982-2022).
settingA single tertiary medical center. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsThe study included 300 female patients with DTC and 900 controls, matched by birth year and ethnicity. The primary exposure was the number of deliveries before DTC diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Association between parity and DTC risk evaluated by logistic regression, adjusted for socioeconomic status, TSH levels, oral contraceptive use, and autoimmune thyroid diseases.
resultsThe median age at DTC diagnosis was 39 years; 60% of participants were Jewish and 40% were Arab. Baseline characteristics were comparable, except for higher rates of autoimmune thyroid diseases in cases: Hashimoto thyroiditis (9.7% vs 1.8%, P < .001) and Graves' disease (6.3% vs 2.7%, P = .005). Parity was associated with increased DTC risk starting at 4 deliveries (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.051-2.741, P = .030), with the highest risk at 6 or more (odds ratio = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.052-3.393; P = .033). This association was largely driven by Arab women, who had significantly higher grand multiparity rates (62.6% vs 13.4%; median 5 vs 3 deliveries; P < .001).
conclusionHigh parity, primarily among Arab women, was associated with increased DTC risk, with significance observed at 4 or more deliveries.
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