SynthesisThe Gerontologist2026
What characterizes the exceptional cognition of superagers? A systematic review of multidomain biomarkers of successful cognitive aging.
Synthesis in The Gerontologist, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Structural and functional alterations of posterior cingulate cortex subregions in successful cognitive aging.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesSubstantial heterogeneity in cognitive aging trajectories has been observed among older adults, with some individuals maintaining exceptional cognitive function ("superagers" or "successful cognitive aging [SCA]"). The biological mechanisms underlying SCA remain unclear. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on quantifiable SCA biomarkers to address this critical gap. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science (up to December 2024). After screening 6,699 records, 62 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data from included studies were extracted, assessed for risk of bias, and synthesized for integrated findings.
resultsWe identified 34 SCA definitions, categorized them into three types, and analyzed biomarkers across six domains: (1) genetic/epigenetic biomarkers, (2) biofluid biomarkers, (3) histological biomarkers, (4) positron emission tomography biomarkers, (5) structural magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers, and (6) functional neuroimaging biomarkers. Integrated findings suggest that SCA is driven by unique multidomain biological mechanisms (e.g., young DNA methylation age, high von Economo neuron density, and efficient glucose metabolism, etc.), not merely resistance to age-related neuropathology such as amyloid-β and tau. Neuroimaging findings highlight the role of brain reserve, maintenance, and compensation on SCA, particularly within a newly defined "cingulate gyrus-medial temporal lobe-frontal cortex" brain signature. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: This systematic review advances our understanding of SCA's biological substrates, provides theoretical frameworks for future SCA biomarker research, and offers a foundation for future strategies to promote cognitive health in aging populations.
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Registered trials
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