Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41284580›Full record

ArticlePathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology2026

Assessing Tumour Budding in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comparative Analysis of Digital Whole-Slide Imaging and Light Microscopy.

Mark Keyter, Stefano Lucà, Marie Maillard, Solange Peters, Thorsten Krueger, Sabina Berezowska

Erratum issuedAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mark KeyterInstitute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Stefano LucàPathology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Marie MaillardInstitute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Solange PetersDepartment of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Thorsten KruegerDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Sabina BerezowskaInstitute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, sabina.berezowska@chuv.ch.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

<p>Introduction: Tumour budding (TB) is an emerging prognostic marker in solid cancers and has recently been endorsed by the IASLC as a component of grading in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). With the growing adoption of digital pathology, the reproducibility of TB assessment on whole-slide images (WSIs) warrants evaluation.

methodsWe assessed the utility of WSI for TB evaluation in a retrospective cohort of 204 resected LUSC cases. Peritumoral budding (PTB) and intratumoural budding (ITB) were independently scored by two pathologists, applying the International Tumour Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) criteria established for colorectal cancer and endorsed by the IASLC for use in LUSC. A total of 816 TB hotspot regions were analysed.

resultsSubstantial intraobserver reliability was observed, with strong correlations between absolute bud counts in WSI and conventional light microscopy (CLM; R = 0.845, p < 0.001; R = 0.880, p < 0.001). Interobserver agreement was moderate for both PTB and ITB across platforms (Cohen's κ: CLM 0.582 [PTB], 0.570 [ITB]; WSI 0.593 [PTB], 0.423 [ITB]). Discordance mainly occurred in lower TB categories due to differences in hotspot selection and morphological mimics. When applying the recently proposed IASLC two-tier cutoff (0-9 buds vs. ≥10 buds), interobserver agreement for PTB improved modestly (κ = 0.49 for CLM; κ = 0.53 for WSI), with overall agreement exceeding 93%.

conclusionThese findings support the feasibility and reproducibility of TB assessment using WSI and highlight its potential for standardizing LUSC TB evaluation in digital pathology workflows. WSI also demonstrated practical advantages, including easier field selection and annotation. </p>.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellImage Processing, Computer-AssistedLung NeoplasmsMicroscopyFemaleHumansMaleObserver VariationReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesConventional light microscopyDigital pathologyInterobserver reliabilityIntraobserver reliabilityLung squamous cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID41284580
PMCPMC12788830

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