Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41283911›Full record

ArticleNeuroradiology2026

Incidence and time course of new contrast-enhancing lesions on MRI after proton versus photon radiotherapy in glioma patients.

Arne Grey, Thiem Justus, Hannes Wahl, Kay Engellandt, Annekatrin Seidlitz, Rebecca Bütof, Mechthild Krause, Enrico Michler, Matthias Meinhardt, Esther G C Troost and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroradiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Arne GreyInstitute of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. arne.grey@ukdd.de.
Thiem JustusDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Hannes WahlInstitute of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Kay EngellandtInstitute of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Annekatrin SeidlitzDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Rebecca BütofDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Mechthild KrauseDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Enrico MichlerDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Matthias MeinhardtInstitute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Esther G C TroostDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Jennifer LinnInstitute of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOur aim was to evaluate the incidence and time course of new contrast-enhancing lesions (CEL) after high-dose irradiation therapy (RT) with protons or photons in adult glioma patients.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the MRI data sets of 240 consecutive, adult patients with gliomas who received high-dose photon (n = 141) or proton (n = 99) therapy. All available follow-up MRIs were analyzed for incidence of any new CELs. Postradiogenic contrast-enhancing lesions (pCEL) were distinguished from tumor progression either histologically (definite pCEL) or based on follow-up imaging demonstrating spontaneous complete or partial regression (probable pCEL).

resultsDuring a median follow-up period of 30 months, we observed any new CEL in 74.2% of patients. Of these, 53.9% met the criteria for definite or probable tumor progression, while 28.8% met the criteria for definite or probable pCEL. The incidence of pCEL was significantly higher after proton therapy (47.5%, n = 47 of 99 patients) versus photon therapy (15.6%, n = 22 of 141 patients, p < 0.0001). The median time interval between end of RT and first evidence of pCEL was significantly shorter after proton therapy (11.4 months) compared to photon therapy (16.5 months, p = 0.035).

conclusionPostradiogenic CELs are a frequent finding in adult patients with gliomas, particularly in those treated with proton therapy. Awareness of the high incidence, variable morphology and time course of these treatment related changes is essential for correct interpretation of follow-up imaging findings and for appropriate patient management.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaMagnetic Resonance ImagingPhotonsProton TherapyAdultAgedContrast MediaFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeContrast MediaContrast-enhancing lesionsGliomaPhoton therapyProton therapyRadiation necrosisRadiotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41283911
PMCPMC13021816

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.