Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41283475›Full record

ReviewPathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology2025

Immunopathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Interplay of Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Microbiome Dysbiosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.

Arslan Ahmed, Siru Li, Jane J Yu, Wen-Hai Shao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arslan AhmedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore, King Edward Medical University, Anarkali Bazaar, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Siru LiDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-8846-4363
Jane J YuDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Wen-Hai ShaoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, AT Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4397-0539

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multifactorial autoimmune disease characterized by the dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immunity, resulting in chronic inflammation, autoantibody production, and multi-organ damage. Innate immune dysfunction involves macrophages, neutrophils, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and the complement system, which collectively amplify autoimmunity through defective clearance of apoptotic cells, overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and abnormal type I interferon signaling. Adaptive immune abnormalities, including skewed T-cell subsets, impaired regulatory T and B cells, and autoreactive B-cell hyperactivity, further perpetuate pathogenic autoantibody generation. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to SLE pathogenesis via Th17 activation, loss of mucosal tolerance, and molecular mimicry mechanisms. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the immunopathogenesis of SLE, emphasizing the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity and integrating evidence from both human and experimental murine models to provide a comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms.

Indexed as

apoptotic cell clearanceIFN-Iimmune complexinflammatory cytokinepathophysiologysystemic lupus erythematosus

Identifiers

PMID41283475
PMCPMC12641968

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.