ArticleMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Sensory Recovery After Free Muscle Flap Reconstruction-A Clinical Study of Protective and Discriminative Function of Free Gracilis and Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flaps Without Neurotization.
Article in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Reconstructive Goals in Arm and Elbow Defects Treated with the Pedicled Latissimus Dorsi Flap.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesFree gracilis (GM) and latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) flaps are reliable options for complex defect coverage, but long-term sensory outcomes remain underexplored. Sensory impairment, especially the loss of protective cutaneous sensation, increases the risk of injury, thermal damage, and ulceration in reconstructed areas. This study aimed to systematically assess multidimensional sensory recovery after free muscle flap (FMF) reconstruction.
methodsIn a prospective single-center study, 94 patients (49 GM, 45 LDM) underwent standardized sensory testing following FMF transfer. Five modalities were evaluated: pressure detection (Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments), vibration perception, two-point discrimination (2PD), sharp-dull differentiation, and temperature differentiation. Measurements were compared to contralateral healthy skin (CHS). Subgroup analyses were performed by anatomical region (head, trunk, extremities).
resultsAll sensory modalities were significantly impaired in FMF compared to CHS (
conclusionsFMFs without neurotization result in profound, persistent sensory deficits, particularly the loss of protective sensation. Clinically, fascio-cutaneous flaps with nerve coaptation should be considered in functionally critical regions. Future strategies should focus on neurotization techniques to enhance sensory recovery.
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