Coordinating collaborative infectious disease modeling projects with the hubverse.

To better respond to a range of threats, decision-makers in diverse fields are increasingly interested in predictions they can understand and trust. Collaborative modeling can help increase the relevance, transparency, and robustness of predictions. This approach can be facilitated with hubs, or centralized data portals to collect, analyze, and communicate model output. This paper introduces the hubverse, an open-source suite of standards and software tools to streamline the creation and operation of collaborative modeling hubs. Hubverse file structure and model output standards enable the use of common tools to validate, aggregate, visualize, evaluate, and communicate model output. Currently, the hubverse is used by nearly two dozen collaborative and local modeling hubs around the globe to support infectious disease modeling efforts, including hubs hosted and/or used by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the Australia-Aotearoa Consortium for Epidemic Forecasting and Analytics, and the California Department of Public Health.