ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
Liver Metastasis Risk and Timing in Pancreatic Cancer Patients Using Electronic Health Records.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Liver metastasis is a frequent and serious complication of pancreatic cancer, contributing to its high mortality rate. Identifying risk factors and understanding the timing of liver metastasis may improve early detection and support more effective treatment planning. Method: A cohort of 12,955 incident pancreatic cancer patients was assembled from the Truveta platform. A subgroup of cases and controls that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria was analyzed using logistic regression and was reported as the primary analysis for this study. Effects on time to liver metastasis were also analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. The primary outcome was the occurrence of liver metastasis within 1 year of diagnosis. Subjects were categorized as having baseline metastasis (≤ 30 days from pancreatic cancer diagnosis) or post-baseline metastasis (>30 days). Demographic characteristics and comorbidities were evaluated for their potential role as risk factors. Result: Among 7,858 patients in the case-control cohort, 2,920 (37%) developed liver metastasis within one year, while 2,066 (70%) subjects were diagnosed with metastasis at baseline. Male sex, older age, and a history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, obesity, anemia, abdominal pain, and distant metastasis were significantly associated with a higher risk of liver metastasis. Lower odds of liver metastasis were observed among Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino subjects. In the subgroup analysis after removing baseline metastasis, surgery and radiotherapy were protective, while tumors located in the head of the pancreas showed a higher risk for metastasis in this cohort. Conclusions: This study identified key clinical and demographic risk factors for liver metastasis in pancreatic cancer, emphasizing the importance of using real-world data, analyzing the timing of disease progression, and highlighting opportunities for earlier intervention and personalized care.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.