Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41282295›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Association of skin-advanced glycation end products, IMT complex, and bone mineral density in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Agnieszka Zawada, Dariusz Naskret, Agata Grzelka-Woźniak, Alicja E Ratajczak-Pawłowska, Anna M Rychter, Kinga Skoracka, Michał Michalak, Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak, Dorota Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, Agnieszka Dobrowolska and 1 more

Abstract read
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Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Agnieszka ZawadaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Dariusz NaskretDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Agata Grzelka-WoźniakDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Alicja E Ratajczak-PawłowskaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Anna M RychterDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Kinga SkorackaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Michał MichalakDepartment of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Aleksandra Szymczak-TomczakDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Dorota Zozulinska-ZiolkiewiczDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Agnieszka DobrowolskaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Iwona Krela-KaźmierczakDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The accumulation of protein glycation end products, in addition to the direct impact of hyperglycemia, represents one of the most common pathomechanisms involved in the development of osteoporosis in diabetic patients. This study aimed to evaluate the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the skin and the thickness of the intima/media complex (IMT) in patients with type 1 diabetes in relation to bone mineral density. Materials and methods: The study comprised a group of 132 individuals, including diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) patients. The thickness of the IMT complex was evaluated. Bone mineral density (BMD), T-score, and Z-score were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Skin AGE assessment was performed by AGE-Reader. Results: The concentration of AGEs in the skin was significantly higher in patients with DM1 and osteopenia in the femoral neck as compared to individuals with diabetes and normal bone mass, as well as with the control group. The thickness of the IMT complex was significantly greater in subjects with diabetes compared to healthy participants, regardless of osteopenia in the femoral neck and L1-L3. Conclusion: Patients with DM1 demonstrated lower BMD in L1-L4 and in the femoral neck compared to those in the non-diabetic group. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and osteopenia did not present a statistically significant increase in the thickness of the IMT complex compare to those with DM1 without osteopenia. Individuals with coexisting DM1 and osteopenia in the femoral neck, but not in L1-L4, presented significantly higher values of skin AGEs than participants with diabetes mellitus without bone mineral disorders.

Indexed as

Bone DensityCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Glycation End Products, AdvancedSkinAbsorptiometry, PhotonAdultBone Diseases, MetabolicCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOsteoporosisYoung AdultGlycation End Products, Advancedadvanced glycation end productsbone mineral densityintima media thicknessosteopeniatype 1 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41282295
PMCPMC12634334

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.