ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2025
GDF15 Drives Glioblastoma Radioresistance by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Remodeling the Immune Microenvironment.
Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Radiotherapy resistance in glioblastoma: Mechanistic insights and novel therapeutic approaches (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Identification of a lncRNA prognostic signature reveals that SNAI3-AS1 cooperates with erastin to reshape macrophage polarization in glioma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Multidrug resistance in cancer: current understandings and future perspective.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in Glioblastoma and Neuroblastoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Strategies.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Morusin targeting GDF15 enhances ferroptosis and overcomes cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A mechanobiology-driven cell-derived ECM bioink for engineering 3D glioblastoma tumor microenvironment models.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis and metabolic reprogramming in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioblastoma: emerging mechanisms and novel strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Radiotherapy is a primary treatment for glioblastoma (GBM), yet its effectiveness is limited by frequent recurrence due to radioresistance. Our previous studies have illustrated that GDF15 is highly expressed in radioresistant GBM cells and correlates strongly with recurrent GBM tissue. However, its role in radioresistance remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that GDF15 promotes radioresistance by suppressing ferroptosis and altering the immune microenvironment. Mechanistically, GDF15 alleviates radiation-induced ferroptosis by stabilizing NRF2 protein through reduced ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Additionally, after radiation, GDF15 promotes M2 type macrophage infiltration, fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment that further supports radioresistance. These findings emphasize GDF15 as a key mediator of GBM radioresistance and a potential therapeutic target to improve radiotherapy outcomes.
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