Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41281630›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational radiation oncology2026

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with carbon ion boost for high-risk sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: clinical outcomes and the management of the node-negative neck.

Lukas Bauer, Katharina Weusthof, Sebastian Regnery, Maximilian Deng, Philipp Schröter, Florian Stritzke, Nils Netzer, Henrik Franke, Kristin Uzun-Lang, Julius Moratin and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational radiation oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Lukas BauerHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Katharina WeusthofHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sebastian RegneryHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Maximilian DengHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Philipp SchröterHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Florian StritzkeHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Nils NetzerHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Henrik FrankeHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Kristin Uzun-LangHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Julius MoratinHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Oliver RistowHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Rubens ThoelkenHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Semi B HarrabiHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Klaus HerfarthHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sebastian AdebergDepartment of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Marburg University Hospital, Marburg, Germany.
Jürgen DebusHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Thomas HeldHeidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Local control of high-risk sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains challenging and often involves significant morbidity. Management of the node-negative neck is still debated. This study evaluated treatment outcomes, neck management strategies, and toxicity rates in patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with a carbon ion boost. Methods: We evaluated 43 patients with sinonasal SCC treated with IMRT and carbon ion boost between 2011 and 2019. Follow-up followed head and neck cancer guidelines. Patient and tumor characteristics, treatment outcomes, and toxicity (per CTCAE v5.0) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.1.0. Results: Median age was 64 years (range 19-83). Most patients had T3-4 tumors (n = 36; 83.7 %) and were clinically node-negative (n = 40; 93.0 %). The predominant regimen was 24 Gy (RBE) carbon ion boost in 8 fractions, followed by 50 Gy IMRT in 25 fractions. Postoperative RT was delivered to 25 patients (58.1 %), while 18 (41.9 %) received definitive RT. Elective or therapeutic neck dissection was performed in 10 patients (23.3 %), none showing lymph node metastases. In total, 22 distinct cervical lymph node treatment strategies were applied. Median follow-up for overall survival (OS) was 25.1 months. Tumor recurrence occurred in 11 patients (25.6 %), primarily due to local failure (n = 7; 63.6 %). OS and local progression-free survival (L-PFS) at 12/24 months were 93.0 %/89.3 % and 88.4 %/79.0 %, respectively. Grade III acute and late toxicity occurred in 9.3 % and 4.7 % of patients, respectively. No grade IV toxicity was reported. Mean numbers of grade I-II toxicities per patient were 4.8 (acute) and 2.4 (late). Conclusion: IMRT with carbon ion boost provides promising OS and local control in high-risk sinonasal SCC. The management of the node-negative-neck was highly individualized. Toxicity was acceptable and may be further reduced by tailoring cervical lymph node treatment in selected patients.

Indexed as

Carbon ion radiotherapyHead and neck cancerLocal controlLymph node metastasesNeck dissectionParanasal sinusesSquamous cell carcinomaToxicity

Identifiers

PMID41281630
PMCPMC12639251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.