Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41280918›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

From hormonal immunomodulation to glioblastoma therapy: the emerging role of Ouabain.

Arthur Gomes de Andrade, Deyse Cristina Madruga Carvalho, Daniel Wilson Arruda Magalhaes, Aline Cavalcanti de Queiroz, Magna Suzana Alexandre-Moreira, Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenas, Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-Silva

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Arthur Gomes de AndradeBiotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Deyse Cristina Madruga CarvalhoBiotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Daniel Wilson Arruda MagalhaesBiotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Aline Cavalcanti de QueirozLaboratory of Pharmacology and Immunity, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
Magna Suzana Alexandre-MoreiraLaboratory of Pharmacology and Immunity, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
Sandra Rodrigues-MascarenasBiotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-SilvaLaboratory of Pharmacology and Immunity, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by rapid proliferation, diffuse infiltration, and resistance to conventional therapies. Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis remains dismal, with median survival rarely exceeding 15 months. The immunosuppressive and heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME), along with profound tumor-intrinsic resistance mechanisms, contributes significantly to treatment failure. Cardiotonic steroids (CTS), such as ouabain, have recently gained attention for their pleiotropic effects beyond Na

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaImmunomodulationOuabainAnimalsHumansTumor MicroenvironmentOuabaincancercardiotonic steroidcytotoxicityGBMtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41280918
PMCPMC12634345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.