ArticleACS omega2025
Cooling Rate Effects on Morphological, Optical, and Piezoelectric Properties of Melt-Recrystallized PVDF-TrFE Thin Films.
Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Bio-based hierarchical coatings with synergistic dual-mode antibacterial activityRSC advances · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymers have recently garnered significant attention for their applications in sensors, actuators, and energy-harvesting devices due to their strong piezoelectric properties, flexibility, chemical resistance, ease of processing, and optical transparency. Consequently, PVDF and its copolymers are increasingly utilized as optical piezoelectric elements in consumer electronics, human-machine interfaces (HMI), and wearable sensors and actuators. Among these materials, the copolymer PVDF-TrFE (polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) is particularly notable for its superior piezoelectric properties, ferroelectric stability, and thermal stability. PVDF-TrFE thin films are predominantly produced through solution casting or doctor-blading methods, followed by annealing to enhance their piezoelectric properties. However, the impact of annealing that involves melt-recrystallization and cooling rates on the piezoelectric, optical, and mechanical properties remains inadequately understood. This study explores the doctor-blading process of PVDF-TrFE using a PVDF-TrFE, Dimethylformamide (DMF), and acetone-based solution, followed by annealing above its melting temperature and cooling at varying rates. PVDF-TrFE films annealed and cooled at slower rates (1-2 °C/min) demonstrated a higher β-phase content but exhibited haziness and poor optical transparency. In contrast, films rapidly cooled by immersion in water displayed a lower β-phase content but maintained high transparency. A comprehensive analysis of the surface properties of these films, coupled with a correlation of surface roughness with a light scattering model, indicated that the optical transparency of both films was predominantly influenced by large micrometer-scale surface roughness. These findings could provide valuable insights into developing surface treatment processes to optimize both optical and piezoelectric properties in PVDF-TrFE thin films.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.