Double body effect induced by integrating proprioceptive-vestibular and visual information.

Caleb Liang, Wen-Hsiang Lin, Wei-Kai Liou, Bo-Yu Chen, Jie-Rong Lin, Yen-Tung Lee, Sufen Chen

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Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Caleb LiangDepartment of Philosophy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Wen-Hsiang LinGraduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.

Wei-Kai LiouDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, HungKuo Delin University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Bo-Yu ChenGraduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.

Jie-Rong LinDepartment of Philosophy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Yen-Tung LeeInstitute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Sufen ChenGraduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most studies in bodily self-consciousness were limited to the case of a single body. We performed VR experiments to test the hypothesis that it is possible for healthy subjects to experience the Double Body Effect-the experiential combination of double body ownership and double body-location. Under proprioceptive-vestibular and visual manipulations, participants wobbled involuntarily while watching two identical avatars doing exactly the same. The results showed that, in both the 1PP and 3PP conditions, it was indeed possible for healthy subjects to experience the Double Body Effect. This reveals that body ownership and body location are more flexible than most studies have considered so far. It also suggests that self-location and body-location are not the same experiences, and that the relation between self and body is more complicated than both traditional dualism and contemporary reductionism. Finally, our findings can serve as a preliminary model for understanding the perplexing phenomenology of heautoscopy.

Indexed as

Behavioral neuroscienceCognitive neuroscienceHuman-computer interactionNeuroscience

Identifiers

PMID41280696

DOI10.1016/j.isci.2025.113819

PMCPMC12636385

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.