Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41279018›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2025

A High-Throughput Biocatalytic Platform for Screening Isomeric Kainoid Natural Products.

Robert A Shepherd, Manasa Ramachandra, Austin R Hopiavuori, Melanie C Jones, Conrad A Fihn, Alex J Tabag, Ananya Manjunath, Limar Y Gad, Chloe R Whipple, Shaun M K McKinnie and 1 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Robert A ShepherdDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0000-0002-0601-5460
Manasa RamachandraDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0009-0007-0382-6528
Austin R HopiavuoriDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0000-0002-7093-7558
Melanie C JonesDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.
Conrad A FihnDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0000-0002-9253-1479
Alex J TabagDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0009-0007-2924-2723
Ananya ManjunathDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0009-0007-7260-9826
Limar Y GadDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.
Chloe R WhippleDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.
Shaun M K McKinnieDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0000-0001-6776-6455
Laura M SanchezDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.ORCID 0000-0001-9223-7977

Funding

IRACDA at UCSC and CSUMBK12GM139185 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI FORSBERG, CAMILLA, HINCK, LINDSAY E · 2020 to 2024
$4.1M
Development of a high throughput platform for screening directed evolution librariesR21GM148870 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI SANCHEZ, LAURA MARGARET · 2023 to 2024
$430k
NIGMS NIH HHS K12 GM139185NIGMS NIH HHS R21 GM148870
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Random mutagenesis generates large, diverse enzyme libraries, however high-throughput screening is challenging when transformations yield isomeric small molecule products. We developed a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TIMS-MS) platform for rapid, label-free screening of libraries of kainoid synthases, Fe/αKG-dependent cyclases that produce the isomeric neurotransmitters kainic acid (KA) and kainic acid lactone (KAL). This platform achieves near-baseline separation of KA and KAL directly from microbial biomass, with parallel reaction monitoring-PASEF (PRM-PASEF) enhancing signal-to-noise for isomeric product ratio analysis. Using this workflow, we screened a 318-variant DsKabC/GfKabC DNA shuffle library in under 30 minutes, identifying seven variants with improved KAL conversion. Two variants showed a near-complete shift toward KAL production with greater substrate consumption, while retaining favorable expression profiles compared to GfKabC. These results establish MALDI-TIMS-MS as a generalizable platform for high-throughput isomeric product screening and provides new kainoid synthase variants to probe structure-function relationships for further development as biocatalysts. Importantly, this screening approach can be broadly applied to interrogate enzyme variants acting on small molecules, delivering rapid and accurate quantitative insights without reliance on chromatography, enzyme purification, or substrate derivatization.

Identifiers

PMID41279018
PMCPMC12633004

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.