ArticleWorld journal of diabetes2025
Association between circulating sex hormone levels and diabetic kidney disease in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in World journal of diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex Differences in the Cardiovascular Significance of Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Low serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is related to diabetic retinopathy in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword effect of estrogen in kidney disease and its precision modulation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The disease characteristics, morbidity, and renal function progression rate of patients with DKD are all related to sex. This suggests that sex hormones may play an important role in changing renal function in patients with diabetes. There have been only a few studies on the correlation between sex hormones and DKD, which have contradictory conclusions.
aimTo investigate the relationship between circulating sex hormone levels and DKD in men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 356 patients with T2DM. Pearson or Spearman rank correlation analyses assessed the relationships between sex hormone levels and renal function indices. By adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, duration of diabetes, use of sodium-glucose cotrasporter-2 inhibitor, use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, hypertension, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/ angiotensin receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral vascular disease, triglyceride, uric acid, and hemoglobin A1c, multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) and DKD.
resultsIn men, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were inversely associated with log-transformed UACR after adjustment for covariate factors [regression coefficient (β) = -0.691, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.241 to -0.141 for quartile 4
conclusionIn men with T2DM, elevated levels of estradiol and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD. In postmenopausal women with T2DM, high FSH and LH levels were positively associated with increased risk of DKD.
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