ArticleCureus2025
Soft Palate and Uvula Thermal Burn Injury in an Adolescent Following Recreational Inhalation of Nitrous Oxide.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Thermal injury refers to trauma to tissues as a result of exposure to a source of sufficiently high or low temperature. This mechanism of trauma may arise from direct contact with a heat source, e.g., scalding of skin secondary to immersion in hot water or following exposure to a stimulus below freezing temperature. Gases stored under pressure in a liquid state undergo adiabatic expansion upon decompression, which results in a rapid and significant decrease in temperature. Nitrous oxide is an example of a gas typically stored as a liquid in canisters prior to use. Tissue exposed to decompressed nitrous oxide undergoing adiabatic cooling can experience significant thermal injury, resulting in inflammation and, in severe cases, necrosis. A 16-year-old girl presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) with marked dysphagia, odynophagia, and dysphonia, three days following recreational inhalation of nitrous oxide (N
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