ArticleJournal of immunology research2025
Decreased Serum and Tissue Levels of Isthmin-1 in Patients With Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis in Accessory Breast Tissue: A Case Report.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Decreased Serum and Tissue Levels of Isthmin-1 in Patients With Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case-Control Study.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory breast disorder with unclear etiology. Isthmin-1 (ISM1), a secreted protein with anti-inflammatory properties, has not been previously studied in IGM. Objective: This study aimed to compare serum and tissue ISM1 levels between IGM patients and healthy controls, and to assess its diagnostic potential. Methods: This case-control study included 30 women with histopathologically confirmed IGM and 30 age-matched controls undergoing breast reduction surgery. Serum and tissue ISM1 levels were measured using ELISA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed the diagnostic performance of serum ISM1. Results: ISM1 concentrations were significantly lower in IGM patients compared to controls in both serum (541.42 ± 191.01 vs. 1139.19 ± 698.43 pg/mL; Conclusions: Reduced ISM1 levels in IGM patients suggest potential involvement in disease pathogenesis. While serum ISM1 shows promise as a supportive biomarker, larger studies, including other inflammatory breast conditions, are needed to confirm specificity and clinical utility.
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