ReviewIranian journal of public health2025
Sleep Quality in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Assessment Tools.
Review in Iranian journal of public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of Benzodiazepines on Heart Failure Outcomes and Adverse Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- Health-Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Patients with Heart Failure Across Three Ejection Fraction Categories: A Two-Center Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Poorly sleeping is a common problem for heart failure patients and can significantly decrease their quality of life. Among heart failure patients, the widespread issue of poor sleep quality can lead to a diminished quality of life. The present study aimed to review systematically the evidence focused on the determinants of sleep quality factors in heart failure patients. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search for observational studies in both English- and Persian-language databases from Feb 1991 to Jan 2023. The search strategy included keywords such as "sleep quality" and "heart failure" and risk factors. All screening and extraction steps were carried out by two researchers. Results: The initial search yielded 10,357 articles. After screening, 37 studies (30 cross-sectional studies, 1 longitudinal study, 2 correlational studies, 1 prospective observational study, 2 case-control studies and 1 descriptive-analytical study) were included. We categorized the identified factors as demographic, habits and lifestyle, medication use, and psychological. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is the most commonly used sleep quality assessment tool. Conclusion: Mental health-related and lifestyle factors such as depression, fatigue, female sex, and high BMI play important roles in disrupting sleep quality. In addition, it is necessary to develop new assessment tools for sleep quality specified for HF patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.