Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41277048›Full record

ReviewSmall methods2026

Laser Micromachining for Bioelectronics: Past, Present, and Future.

J G Troughton, C M Proctor

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Small methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

J G TroughtonInstitute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME), Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9419-9326
C M ProctorInstitute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME), Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2066-1354

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/T009314/1UK Research and Innovation EP/Y008529/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Laser micromachining has emerged over the last decade as a practical alternative to costly, complex photolithography, and to low-resolution printing, for the manufacture of myriad bioelectronic devices. Here, the introduction and development of laser micromachining for bioelectronics is reviewed, and the direction of travel for this fabrication approach is considered. The authors start with early, semi-manual work on laser cutting metal and silicon foils for cochlear and retinal implants, discuss the development of true laser-based lithographic analogues for thin-film material processing, and look at recent work leveraging the localized photothermal effects of lasers to fundamentally alter material properties. The discussion is framed around the various laser systems employed to achieve specific outcomes to inform the reader's choice of system for their own experimental needs.

Indexed as

bioelectronicsflexible electronicslaser fabricationlaser micromachiningprototyping

Identifiers

PMID41277048
PMCPMC12893266

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.