Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2025
The effect of remimazolam combined with low-dose propofol on diaphragmatic function in patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery: a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for diaphragmatic dysfunction in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Effects of Low-Dose Remimazolam Adjunct on Propofol-Remifentanil Anaesthesia in Day Case Gynaecological Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPropofol frequently induces respiratory depression in hysteroscopy, with diaphragmatic dysfunction being a potential contributing mechanism. This study utilized ultrasound technology to investigate whether remimazolam combined with low-dose propofol can attenuate diaphragmatic dysfunction compared to propofol alone in patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery.
methodsPatients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery were randomized 1:1 to either remimazolam 0.2 mg/kg with propofol 1 mg/kg (RP group) or propofol 2.5 mg/kg alone (P group) for induction. Both groups received sufentanil pretreatment and propofol-remifentanil maintenance. Hemodynamic parameters (mean arterial pressure, MAP; heart rate, HR), respiratory parameters (respiratory rate, RR; pulse oxygen saturation, SpO₂), and diaphragmatic parameters (diaphragmatic excursion, DE; diaphragm thickening fraction, DTF) were compared at specified timepoints: T0 (Baseline): 5 min after entering the operating room; T1: 6 min after administration of the sedative; T2: 5 min after removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA); T3: 5 min before discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Adverse reactions, including respiratory/diaphragmatic depression, injection pain, hypotension, and hiccups, were also compared.
resultsEighty patients completed the final analysis. The RP group showed significantly higher DTF values compared to the P group at T1, T2, and T3 (P = 0.02; P < 0.001; P = 0.030). Additionally, the RP group had a significantly lower incidence of diaphragm dysfunction (P = 0.007), injection pain (P = 0.043), and hypotension (P = 0.048) compared to the P group. Notably, the RP group had a significantly higher rate of spontaneous (assisted) breathing compared to the P group (P = 0.011). However, the incidence of hiccups increased markedly in the RP group compared to the P group (P = 0.044). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of respiratory depression, delayed awakening, or dizziness (P = 0.235; P = 1.000; P = 0.136).
conclusionCompared to propofol, the combination of remimazolam and low-dose propofol can significantly alleviate diaphragmatic dysafunction in patients undergoing hysteroscopic surgery, while preserving spontaneous breathing more effectively. Optimized therapeutic regimens may prevent respiratory complications and accelerate recovery.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2500102592, Date: 16/5/2025.
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