Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41274900›Full record

ArticleScientific data2025

Twenty years (2000-2020) of butterfly monitoring data across the contiguous United States.

Erica H Henry, Collin B Edwards, Vaughn Shirey, Jeffrey S Pippen, Dave Waetjen, Matthew L Forister, Elise A Larsen, Cheryl B Schultz, James Michielini, Nathan Brockman and 22 more

Abstract readDataset
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Biases in butterfly survey effort and patterns of protocol used across biogeographic regions.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Erica H HenrySchool of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA. erica_henry@wsu.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6700-8128
Collin B EdwardsWashington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington, USA.
Vaughn ShireyBiology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Jeffrey S PippenBiology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-3099-4995
Dave WaetjenRoad Ecology Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Matthew L ForisterDepartment of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
Elise A LarsenBiology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Cheryl B SchultzSchool of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA.
James MichieliniDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Nathan BrockmanReiman Gardens, Iowa State University, Iowa, USA.
Kevin J BurlsNevada Bugs and Butterflies, Nevada, USA.
Ryan G DrumCenter for Pollinator Conservation, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC, USA.
Martha GatchMassachusetts Butterfly Club, Massachusetts, USA.
Jeffrey GlassbergNorth American Butterfly Association, New Jersey, USA.
Nancy V HamlettPartnership for Regional Institutions for Sage Scrub Monitoring, California, USA.
Shiran HershcovichButterfly Pavilion, Colorado, USA.
Catherine LeIrvine Ranch Conservancy, California, USA.
Steve McGaffinZoo Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Jen MeilingerKalamazoo Nature Center, Michigan, USA.
Lisa RichterMissouri Department of Conservation, Missouri, USA.
Regina RochefortNorth Cascades National Park, Washington, USA.
Charles SchelzCascade-Siskiyou National Monument, Oregon, USA.
Arthur M ShapiroCenter for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Kathryn SullivanMilwaukee Public Museum, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3792-2538
Doug J TaronChicago Academy of Sciences, Illinois, USA.
Wayne E ThogmartinU.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2384-4279
Anna WalkerNew Mexico BioPark Society, New Mexico, USA.
Anita WestphalReiman Gardens, Iowa State University, Iowa, USA.
Jerome WiedmannOhio Lepidopterists Society, Ohio, USA.
Irmgard U WilcocksonTexas Butterfly Monitoring Network, Texas, USA.
Jennifer ZaspelMilwaukee Public Museum, Wisconsin, USA.
Leslie RiesBiology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Funding

Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey (United States Geological Survey) G21AC10369National Science Foundation (NSF) DBI-1954406National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB-2114793National Science Foundation (NSF) IOS-2128241National Science Foundation (NSF) OIA-2019528
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present the most comprehensive, integrated, butterfly monitoring dataset ever assembled for the United States. It contains over 1.2 million count records, from 65,000 surveys, representing over 12.6 million individual butterflies. To compile this dataset, we integrated data and harmonized taxonomy across 19 butterfly monitoring programs in the United States - one national, 13 statewide, and 5 local (e.g. individual county or National Park) in scale. In addition to the data, we also provide the taxonomic dictionary used to crosswalk butterfly taxonomy across programs, and the code used to assemble the integrated dataset. The publication of this dataset will inspire new analyses of butterfly population trends and drivers that help to identify solutions to the biodiversity crisis.

Indexed as

ButterfliesAnimalsBiodiversityUnited States

Identifiers

PMID41274900
PMCPMC12660994

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.