ReviewPain and therapy2026
Clinical Implications of Anatomical Variations in Nerves and Adjacent Structures for Regional Anesthesia: A Narrative Review.
Review in Pain and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatio-temporally modulated fluorescence imager for intraoperative nerve identification.Journal of biomedical optics · 2026Article
- The Interscalene Triangle: A Cadaveric Dissection of a Critical Neurovascular Corridor at the Root of the Neck.Cureus · 2026Article
- Morphometric analysis and spatial localization of the infraorbital foramen in adult dry human skulls: bilateral symmetry, sexual dimorphism, and accessory foramina.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Anatomical variations in nerves are common and can significantly impact ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. They directly influence needle trajectory, local anesthetic spread, and block efficacy, contributing to procedural failure or complications. However, the literature specifically addressing the clinical implications of neural variations for regional anesthesia remains limited. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on three key aspects: (1) variations of common peripheral nerves and their clinical significance in regional anesthesia (including the terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve, suprascapular nerve, phrenic nerve, lumbar plexus, saphenous nerve, obturator nerve, and sciatic nerve); (2) variations of major vessels relevant to regional anesthesia and their clinical significance in regional anesthesia (including the Adamkiewicz artery and vertebral artery); (3) variations of the spine and spinal nerve roots and their clinical significance in regional anesthesia. This review systematically synthesizes current evidence on these anatomical variations and introduces practical resources, including regional ultrasound guidance and tables correlating specific variants with technical modifications, to enhance ultrasound recognition and clinical decision-making, thereby serving as a valuable reference for clinicians.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.