ArticleFolia microbiologica2025
Genomic characterization of high-level efflux pump overexpression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clones with epidemic potential.
Article in Folia microbiologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The concerted overexpression of multiple efflux pumps in Pseudomonas aeruginosa now represents a key driver of multidrug resistance (MDR), progressively undermining the efficacy of conventional antibiotic therapies. The transferability of plasmid pXM8-2 was assessed by conjugation experiments. The antimicrobial susceptibility of strains P113, P118, T117, and XM8 was determined using the BioMerieux VITEK-2 system in conjunction with the disk diffusion method. β-lactamase or carbapenemase production was detected per CLSI guidelines. Efflux pump gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR, and O-antigen serotyping was performed phenotypically with specific antisera and genotypically via bioinformatics tools. Whole-genome sequencing using Illumina and nanopore platforms revealed a comprehensive profile of antibiotic resistance genes. Phenotypically, strains P113, P118, and T117 were resistant to all antibiotics tested, consistent with their genotypes. In contrast, strain XM8, which also harbored numerous resistance genes, remained susceptible to colistin. All attempts to transfer the pXM8-2 plasmid via conjugation were unsuccessful. The studied strains exhibited a MDR phenotype, primarily conferred by the overexpression of efflux pumps (e.g., MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexXY, MexEF-OprN) and inactivation of the oprD. Genotypic characterization identified strains P113, P118, and T117 as ST11/O3 (ExoS
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