Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41273116›Full record

ArticleAustralian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc2026

Analysis of Solubility, pH, Antimicrobial Action and Cytotoxicity of Calcium Hydroxide Paste Associated With Ambroxol Hydrochloride.

Thaís Ferreira Rodrigues Mota, Ana Flávia Balestrero Cassiano, Pedro César Gomes Titato, Pedro Henrique Souza Calefi, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Gisele Faria, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Thaís Ferreira Rodrigues MotaDepartment of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-9429
Ana Flávia Balestrero CassianoDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
Pedro César Gomes TitatoDepartment of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-585X
Pedro Henrique Souza CalefiDepartment of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Murilo Priori AlcaldeDepartment of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Gisele FariaDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-3718
Marco Antonio Hungaro DuarteDepartment of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2021/05843-2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated the association of ambroxol hydrochloride with calcium hydroxide paste as intracanal medication to enhance antimicrobial action on biofilm without affecting pH, solubility and cytotoxicity. Calcium hydroxide (CH) paste and formulations with different ambroxol concentrations were placed into artificial teeth conditioned in distilled water. pH and solubility were measured. Dentine discs infected with E. faecalis were covered with pastes, and biofilm viability was analysed using live/dead assay and confocal microscope. Cytotoxicity was analysed using MTT assay on fibroblast and osteoblast-like cells. Data were statistically compared (p < 0.05). Ambroxol showed an acidic pH after 7 days, compared to CH, but the 30% concentration became more alkaline after 30 days. While CH's pH decreased over time, ambroxol groups maintained stability. Solubility decreased for all groups over time. All groups showed significant antimicrobial differences from the control group. The association did not alter CH's cytotoxicity. Further research is needed for optimal ambroxol concentration.

Indexed as

AmbroxolAnti-Infective AgentsCalcium HydroxideRoot Canal IrrigantsBiofilmsCell SurvivalEnterococcus faecalisFibroblastsHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMaterials TestingMicroscopy, ConfocalOsteoblastsSolubilityAmbroxolAnti-Infective AgentsCalcium HydroxideRoot Canal Irrigantsambroxol hydrochlorideantimicrobial actioncalcium hydroxidecytotoxicitypH

Identifiers

PMID41273116
PMCPMC13051044

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.