ArticleBMC oral health2025
Soft tissue thickness changes in the lower face following bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty in skeletal Class III malocclusion.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Soft-tissue thickness changes following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal class II malocclusion.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, additional genioplasty is frequently required to enhance lower facial esthetics after orthognathic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate soft tissue thickness changes in the lower face before and after bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion.
methodsNinety-four patients were included: 57 patients underwent bimaxillary surgery alone (Group N), and 37 patients underwent bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty (Group G). Changes in hard tissue landmarks and soft tissue thickness before and after surgery were analyzed from reconstructed three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. CBCT images were taken pre-surgery (T0) and at least 6 months post-surgery (T1). Within- and between-group changes were tested with paired and independent t-tests; Pearson correlations assessed associations between skeletal advancement (Pogonion and Menton) and soft tissue thickness.
resultsAfter surgery, soft tissue thickness at Pogonion (Pog–Pog’) increased in Group N but decreased significantly in Group G (− 1.90 ± 3.93 mm; p = 0.006), with a significant intergroup difference (p = 0.014). In contrast, soft tissue thickness at Menton (Me–Me’) did not change significantly in Group N but increased significantly in Group G (3.14 ± 8.87 mm; p = 0.038), with a significant intergroup difference (p = 0.034). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that skeletal advancement was negatively associated with Pog–Pog’ (p < 0.05) and total chin soft tissue thickness (p < 0.01), whereas B–B’ and Me–Me’ showed no significant correlations.
conclusionsIn skeletal Class III patients undergoing bimaxillary surgery with advancement genioplasty, soft tissue thickness decreased at Pogonion and increased at Menton; Pogonion thinning scaled with skeletal advancement. While genioplasty can counteract mandibular setback-related thickening, excessive advancement risks over-thinning. Clinicians should anticipate these responses, calibrate advancement magnitude, and consider selective adjunctive soft tissue procedures.
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