Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41271773›Full record

ArticleNPJ science of learning2025

EEG analysis of brain dynamics in a simulated multi-task and multi-stage learning environment.

Hui Xie, Chunli Jia, Yanxia Luo, Jiangshan He, Zexiao Dong, Dan Liang, Ziqi Ren, Mingzhe Jiang, Xinbo Gao, Xueli Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ science of learning, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hui Xie *Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Chunli Jia *Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Yanxia LuoCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Jiangshan HeCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Zexiao DongCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Dan LiangCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Ziqi RenCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Mingzhe JiangCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China. mzjiang@xidian.edu.cn.
Xinbo GaoIntelligent Cognition Research Department, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China. xbgao@ieee.org.
Xueli ChenCenter for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Advanced Diagnostic-Therapy Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China. xlchen@xidian.edu.cn.

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 62275210the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF GZB20230561the Xi'an Science and Technology Project 23ZDCYJSGG0026-2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of brain oscillation patterns during knowledge acquisition has gained attention, yet studies in realistic learning contexts remain limited. This study investigated dynamic brain activity across an 11-lesson biology course simulating a MOOC environment. Twenty undergraduates wore 14-channel Electroencephalography (EEG) headsets while completing lecture, virtual lab, and quiz tasks across three progressive stages. EEG signals from six participants (after quality screening) were analyzed using amplitude, power spectral density (PSD), and phase-locking index (PLI). Wilcoxon rank sum tests revealed significant stage- and task-related differences despite the small sample size, including increased frontal theta during quizzes, parietal alpha suppression during lectures, and high-beta enhancements in later stages of labs and quizzes. Machine learning models trained on EEG features achieved a classification accuracy of 83% for three learning stage discrimination, validating that the brain presents nonidentical functional patterns during cognitive learning. These results underscore the potential for real-time EEG-based personalized educational interventions.

Identifiers

PMID41271773
PMCPMC12638910

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.