ArticleNature communications2025
Unifying regulatory motifs in endocrine circuits.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dose as a fundamental organizing principle in physiology: Implications for mechanism, disease, and precision medicine.Journal of precision medicine (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Targeted Magnetic Nanodiscs for Wireless Causal Manipulation of Gut-Brain Circuits.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Signal Amplification in the HPT Axis-Evidence for Its Existence, Location, Significance, and Molecular Mechanisms.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Editorial: Mechanistic, machine learning and hybrid models of the 'other' endocrine regulatory systems in health and disease, volume II.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hormone systems, which control diverse physiological functions, have been extensively studied, yet consistent rules underlying these systems remain elusive. Here we identify unifying design principles in human endocrine systems. Available data was found for 43 of 63 systems, and all 43 fall into five classes of circuits. Each class uses distinct regulation circuitry to perform specific dynamical functions: homeostasis, acute input-output response, or adjustable set points. The circuits involve interactions across multiple timescales - minutes to hours for hormone secretion, ultradian and diurnal rhythms, and weeks for changes in endocrine gland mass. The weeks-timescale for gland mass occurs in several circuit classes, including the most complex, which features an intermediate gland, the pituitary. We analyze this circuit in detail and identify tradeoffs between endocrine amplification, buffering of hypersecreting tumors, and response times. These unifying principles reveal how circuit structure maps to function and contribute to the emerging field of systems endocrinology.
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Registered trials
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