ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026
Cilnidipine Cubosomal Nanogel Patch: Polymer-Nanostructure Synergy for Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Advanced drug delivery systems are superior alternatives for antihypertensive drugs with poor solubility and bioavailability. Cubosomes are lipid-based nanostructured particles with a cubic internal phase that function as drug carriers, improving solubility and permeability through skin. This study involves the development and evaluation of cilnidipine cubosomal nanogel patches (CLD CB NGP) for transdermal drug delivery. The CLD-loaded cubosomes were prepared by a top-down approach, optimized by a Box-Behnken design, and evaluated for particle size, encapsulation efficiency, zeta potential, and morphological structure. They were then developed into a polymeric nanogel patch using hydrophilic polymers. The transdermal patches were evaluated for surface morphology, swelling, bioadhesiveness, in vitro drug release, and ex vivo permeation through excised rat skin. The CLD cubosomes were polyangular nanoparticles (430 nm), with high drug entrapment efficiency (80.8%) and good colloidal stability. The amorphization of the drugs within the drug carriers was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. The CLD CB NGP showed a porous surface, good swelling properties, and excellent bioadhesiveness to gelatin films and rat skin. The cubosomes and CLD CB NGP showed significantly higher drug release and enhanced skin permeation (3.62-fold), with a higher steady-state flux (J
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Registered trials
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