Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41268915›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational gastroenterology2026

Geographic Distribution of Gastroenterologists and Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States.

Navneet Upadhyay, Aisha Vadhariya, Magdaliz Gorritz, Rifat Tuly, Kainan Sun, Deborah A Fisher, Nicholas Bires, Michael Hull, Jonathon Casey Chapman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Navneet UpadhyayEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Aisha VadhariyaEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Magdaliz GorritzIQVIA, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA.
Rifat TulyIQVIA, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA.
Kainan SunIQVIA, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA.
Deborah A FisherEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Nicholas BiresEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Michael HullIQVIA, Inc., Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jonathon Casey ChapmanGI Alliance, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA .

Funding

Eli Lilly and Company
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe aimed to map the distribution of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastroenterologists throughout the United States and identify local-level and state-level variations in the availability of specialist care.

methodsFor each first 3-digit ZIP code tabulation area (ZCTA) and state in the United States, we calculated the density of patients with IBD (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) per 100,000 population, gastroenterologists per 100,000 population, and gastroenterologists per 100 patients with IBD. We used 2022 claims data to identify patients with IBD, the 2022 National Provider Identifier registry for provider details, and the 2020 US Census for area-level variables.

resultsOverall, 520,020 patients with IBD and 21,611 gastroenterologists were identified. Patient density varied across states, from 58.2 (New Mexico) to 337.1 (Maine). On average, there were 4.2 (ranging from 1.4 in Kansas to 9.8 in Hawaii) gastroenterologists/100 patients with IBD. The Midwest and the Southwest Border regions had the lowest density of gastroenterologists. Across the United States, 130 3-digit ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTA) had zero gastroenterologists/100 patients; 62% of these ZIP codes were in rural areas, and 25% had household income <150% of the poverty line. ZIP codes with ≥5 gastroenterologists/100,000 population tended to have lower poverty rates and were more urban than those with 1 to <5 gastroenterologists/100,000 population. DISCUSSION: Geographic disparities in the availability of gastroenterologist care exist at the state and local levels. This disparity was highlighted for patients with IBD and populations living in rural and high-poverty areas.

Indexed as

Colitis, UlcerativeCrohn DiseaseGastroenterologistsGastroenterologyHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityInflammatory Bowel DiseasesAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRural PopulationUnited StatesCrohn's diseasegastroenterologist densitygeographic distributioninflammatory bowel diseasepatient densityulcerative colitis

Identifiers

PMID41268915
PMCPMC12922908

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.