SynthesisTopics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation2025
Behavioral/Physical and Stimulation Interventions for Chronic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Investigators have evaluated pharmacological and behavioral/physical interventions for chronic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI). A decade-old systematic review found that evidence was insufficient to conclude that nonpharmacological interventions (behavioral/physical) are effective in reducing chronic pain. Objectives: To summarize and evaluate recent peer-reviewed literature on the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions for chronic pain. Methods: Authors searched for articles published from 2013 to August 2023 in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Inclusion criteria were being 18 years or older, having traumatic SCI diagnosis, and having chronic pain symptoms. Interventions included nonpharmacological interventions-behavioral, complementary, and alternative medicine-and a control group. The primary outcome was pain symptom reduction. Coauthors applied these criteria and reconciled disagreements via unanimous consensus. Coauthors independently extracted data and then reviewed and revised extracted data to assure consistency and completeness. Two reviewers independently assigned a quality score using Hawker's guidelines and assigned a bias score using Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB2) and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies (ROBINS-I) tools; they reconciled disagreements. Results: Database searches produced 2961 results; 26 proceeded to data extraction, of which 15 used behavioral/physical interventions and 11 used stimulation interventions. Discussion: Knowledge of behavioral/physical intervention methods and an evidence base with other populations are sufficient to recommend cognitive behavioral therapy and variants, particularly for neuropathic pain. In contrast, stimulation treatments are not sufficiently standardized, require equipment and expertise that is not widely disseminated, and have generated limited evidence that is not adequate to support clinical adoption with a high level of confidence. The studies highlight the importance of tailoring interventions to individuals' needs and preferences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.