ArticleEuropean heart journal. Imaging methods and practice2025
Intra-plaque vascularization assessed in contrast-enhanced ultrasound predicts cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes with no significant carotid atherosclerotic stenosis: a prospective study with therapeutic implications for SGLT2 inhibitor use.
Article in European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aims: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and no significant carotid stenosis are often considered at moderate cardiovascular risk. However, some may harbour biologically active plaques. Intra-plaque vascularization (IPV), detectable in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), reflects plaque vulnerability and may enhance risk stratification. We assessed the prognostic value of CEUS-derived IPV and the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiovascular outcomes and inflammatory markers. Methods and results: In this 6-year prospective cohort study, 251 asymptomatic T2DM patients with carotid atherosclerosis <50% stenosis were enrolled. IPV was quantified by CEUS and stratified by tertiles. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: CV death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, or heart failure hospitalization). Secondary endpoints included changes in VEGF, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. Patients were also stratified by chronic SGLT2i use. High IPV was associated with greater MACE incidence (32.5%) compared with low IPV (7.4%; HR 3.84, 95% CI 1.89-7.78; Conclusion: CEUS-detected IPV predicts cardiovascular events in T2DM patients without significant stenosis. SGLT2i may reduce risk by modulating plaque inflammation and angiogenesis. CEUS combined with biomarker profiling may support personalized prevention strategies in diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.