Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41267615›Full record

ArticleJournal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association2025

Breastfeeding Measurement - How Do We Define and Measure Breastfeeding Cessation Across Scientific Disciplines?

M A Theurich, J Gencel-Augusto, M S Butler, L Fischer, Z T Haile, E Chetwynd

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

M A TheurichLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8928-9004
J Gencel-AugustoLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany.
M S ButlerDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
L FischerLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany.ORCID 0009-0000-0787-1317
Z T HaileDepartment of Social Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dublin, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2912-8564
E ChetwyndSchool of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5611-8778

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In an earlier paper, we summarized the meanings of the term "weaning" as it is used colloquially, clinically, and in scientific and grey literature. Due to the various potential definitions, we suggested that researchers avoid using the term and instead aim to use standard terms and definitions that more precisely describe the specific transition in infant and young child feeding they are referring to. One key concept from the first paper is "breastfeeding cessation." In this subsequent article, we go a step further to more precisely define breastfeeding cessation, guiding how to choose the level of its measurement. We discuss potential parameters, proxies for breastfeeding cessation, measurement tools, and instruments pertinent to the measurement and monitoring of breastfeeding cessation in qualitative and quantitative research. This paper draws on perspectives from different scientific disciplines, including clinical research, public health, psychology, and anthropology. By doing so, we aim to deepen appreciation for tools and instruments used across these disciplines, ultimately fostering a common understanding of parameters, tools, and approaches for measuring breastfeeding cessation.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingWeaningFemaleHumansInfantInfant, Newbornbreastfeedingbreastfeeding assessmentbreastfeeding assessment instrumentsbreastfeeding cessationbreastfeeding discontinuationbreastfeeding terminationmaternal psychologyweaning

Identifiers

PMID41267615
PMCPMC12623668

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.