Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41265918›Full record

ArticleBMJ open quality2025

Reducing drug-related harm by triggering proactive outreach.

Lesley Campbell, Bev Fraser, Michelle Beattie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open quality, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lesley CampbellCaithness Drug and Alcohol Recovery Service, NHS Highland, Inverness, UK.
Bev FraserDrug and Alcohol Recovery Service, NHS Highland, Inverness, UK.
Michelle BeattieDepartment of Nursing, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK michelle.beattie@uhi.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2396-9992

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drug-related deaths (DRDs) remain a global issue, with Scotland reporting the second-highest rate per million population. Although some areas have seen improvements, DRDs continue to rise in parts of the Scottish Highlands. Proactive outreach to those at highest risk is believed to reduce harm. This project tested and implemented a risk identification tool-the Trigger Checklist (TC)-to initiate assertive outreach in a remote Highland area by September 2023.The Model for Improvement was used to structure the improvement process. This included collaborative exploration of the problem and solution, development of the TC, devising a family of measures and Plan, Do, Study, Act cycles to structure interactive learning and refinement of the TC and outreach process. Data were collected on the number of completed TC, the percentage of those outreached within 48 hours and the number of days between incidents of non-fatal overdoses (NFOD). Timely staff experience feedback was gathered using a visual facial analogue scale.A standardised TC was devised and tested. 48 TCs were received over 8 months. Of those 100% (n=48) were assertively outreached within 48 hours of a TC referral. The median number of days between NFOD increased from 6.5 days (January-August 2022) to 23 days (September 2022-August 2023). There was an increase in the number of days between incidents of NFOD locally, with more than 90 days between two events (previously the maximum number reached was 48). For the duration of the project, the locality did not receive a DRD notification.There is a need to further test and standardise the use of the TC in other areas frequented by those most at risk of drug-related harm, such as the remote and rural emergency department.

Indexed as

Drug OverdoseHarm ReductionChecklistHumansScotlandChecklistsCommunicationCommunity Mental Health ServicesControl charts/Run chartsQuality improvement

Identifiers

PMID41265918
PMCPMC12636926

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.