ArticleNeuropsychology2026
Psychometric evaluation of California Verbal Learning Test second edition short form (CVLT-II SF) score validity in American Indian adults: The Strong Heart Study.
Article in Neuropsychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk factors and population attributable fraction for dementia in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Normative cognitive test performance and typical error patterns among American Indian older adults: The Strong Heart Study.Neuropsychology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe California Verbal Memory Learning Test, second edition (CVLT-II) is used to assess learning and memory impairment. However, CVLT psychometric validity is not established for American Indian populations, who have high risk, as well as important sociocultural considerations in standardized testing.
methodThe Strong Heart Study conducted repeated CVLT-II short form testing among American Indian Elders across 3 U.S. regions in 2010-2013 (
resultsParticipants were generally older (age 65-95), majority female, and majority with education 12-14 years. Fewer than 5% had missing data. Unidimensional single factor model fits were adequate (RMSEA 0.07, 90% CI 0.03-0.11; comparative fit index 0.99). Within-group and within-visit raw score comparisons were statistically significant for age, sex, and education, suggesting important score differences. Primary path analysis model suggested that age, sex, education, bilingual, and depression accounted for 16% of variance in test performance.
conclusionsOverall, these findings suggest that CVLT-II short form has good test structure in American Indian elders, but with needed contextualization by age, sex, and education. These findings offer support for CVLT in clinical and research use but also need for further research on cultural and community factors affecting standardized cognitive testing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
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