ArticleNeurosurgical review2025
Demographic and social determinants of mortality in cerebral arteriovenous malformations: identifying high-risk clusters in the U.S.
Article in Neurosurgical review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Health disparities in cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) arise from multifaceted factors, influencing clinical outcomes. This study models these disparities and explores their association with AVM-related mortality. Using the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2020), we identified cerebral AVM cases via ICD-10 codes. Multivariable, and ridge logistic regressions assessed mortality risk and length of stay. Risk clusters were identified by performing a factor analysis for mixed data (FAMD), followed by K-means clustering. Clusters memberships were associated with mortality and length of stay using logistic regression, adjusted for AVM rupture, treatment, and hospital characteristics. Among 11,755 patients, 2.9% (344) died during hospitalization. Logistic regression showed that residing in non-micropolitan counties (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.03-2.84) and older age (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.02 per year) increased mortality risk. Ridge regression identified higher income (76th-100th percentile: OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.74-0.84) and fringe metropolitan residency (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87-0.99) as protective, while self-pay status elevated mortality (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.26-1.37). Clustering revealed three groups (high, medium and low risk of death); being the high-risk group defined as older, predominantly female White Medicare users (median age 70), had the highest mortality risk (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.63-2.76) compared to the medium risk group. This study highlights the role of social determinants in shaping disparities in AVM outcomes. By modeling disparities in a non-linear way, we identified high-risk patient clusters, particularly older White females on Medicare residing in central metropolitan areas, who face the greatest mortality risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41264034What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.