ArticleBMJ open2025
Curative care expenditure across different comorbidity states of chronic hepatitis B: a prevalence study in Sichuan Province, China.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe study aims to calculate the curative care expenditure (CCE) from different comorbidity states of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), to provide a reference for the relevant government departments to optimise health insurance protection measures for this disease.
designA prevalence-based retrospective study.
settingThis study included 1600 medical institutions, covering general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, specialised hospitals and maternal and child health hospitals.
participantsThe cohort included 238,617 CHB outpatients and 4312 inpatients. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: CCE for CHB was estimated based on System of Health Accounts 2011.
resultsThe total CCE of CHB in Sichuan Province in 2019 was USD 85.49 million. The majority of CCE was spent by outpatient services (USD 67.16 million), the main source of financing schemes was household out-of-pocket payment (75.71%). Conversely, the CCE for inpatient services (USD 18.33 million) was mainly financed by public financing schemes (46.38%). More than 70% of the CCE flowed to general hospitals, and less than 20% flowed to primary healthcare institutions. The CCE varied significantly across different comorbidity groups. The CCE for patients with no additional comorbidities and those in the low comorbidity group was mainly spent by patients aged 30-39 years and those aged 40-49 years, respectively. The CCE in the high comorbidity group was mainly spent by patients aged 50-54 years.
conclusionThe present study shows that a high proportion of the CCE allotted to CHB is financed by household out-of-pocket payment. This situation poses a heavy medical burden not only on individuals, but also on society. Therefore, the financing structure needs to be optimised urgently. Potential policy directions may improve the outpatient mutual aid protection mechanism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.