ArticleJACC. Case reports2026
Recurrent Rheumatic Carditis Presenting With Severe Biventricular Dysfunction Despite a Normally Functioning Mechanical Mitral Valve.
Article in JACC. Case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
backgroundRheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity in endemic regions. Recurrence of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in adults, especially after valve surgery, is rare but clinically significant. CASE SUMMARY: A 44-year-old man with rheumatic mitral stenosis underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement. He presented 5 years later with dyspnea, orthopnea, and fatigue. Echocardiography showed new severe biventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction 20%) with preserved prosthetic function. Coronary computed tomography angiography excluded obstructive disease, and pulmonary embolism was ruled out. Elevated inflammatory markers raised suspicion for recurrent rheumatic carditis. He received anti-inflammatory therapy and guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure, with progressive recovery. DISCUSSION: Recurrent ARF should remain a diagnostic consideration in adults with prior RHD and new ventricular dysfunction, even after valve replacement. TAKE-HOME MESSAGES: Recurrent ARF may occur post-surgery and cause myocardial dysfunction. Echocardiography and multimodality imaging are essential for diagnosis and management.
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