ReviewACS pharmacology & translational science2025
Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Antithrombotic Therapy: A Systematic Review.
Review in ACS pharmacology & translational science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thrombotic diseases, classified as arterial or venous, remain one of the most important global health concerns. Myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE), which include deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, are prominent causes of illness and death. Antithrombotic agents, classified by their sites of action, are essential for preventing and treating thrombus formation. Transdermal drug delivery systems have emerged as promising alternatives for antithrombotic therapy by improving drug bioavailability, patient adherence, and therapeutic efficacy while reducing side effects. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, identified 25 relevant articles through structured database searches. An additional search in clinical trial registries revealed no ongoing or completed clinical studies involving transdermal antithrombotic therapy. The literature focuses on transdermal formulations of heparins and acetylsalicylic acid, with fewer reports on direct oral anticoagulants and other agents. The literature search revealed that the most investigated delivery systems were microneedles (13), micro/nanoemulsions (2), ethosomes (1), hydrogels (5), polymeric patches (3), and liposomes (1). The ongoing interest in antithrombotic transdermal formulations highlights both their therapeutic importance and the difficulties still associated with traditional administration methods. While innovative transdermal formulations show promise, further research is necessary to develop scalable, effective, and cost-efficient technologies for clinical applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.