ReviewCardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports2025
Cardiometabolic risk reduction with digital twinning in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Review in Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- From Parallel Programming to Bidirectional Crosstalk: The Brain-Kidney Axis in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Redox-Driven Precision Medicine for Life-Course Prevention of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Digital twin (DT) technology-real-time, data-driven virtual models of individuals-offers transformative potential in managing cardiometabolic-based chronic disease (CMBCD). The novel CMBCD model configures a progression from interacting adiposity, dysglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and residual drivers to certain cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are central to this cascade, requiring management tactics where DT serves as a precision-medicine tool. A systematic search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane identified 12 eligible studies (retrospective cohort, randomized clinical trials, and frameworks) to explore the role of DT in T2D and CMBCD. Due to data duplication and lack of homogeneity, meta-analysis was not feasible, prompting this narrative synthesis. DT-guided benefits were identified across the CMBCD spectrum: (1) adiposity - body mass index reduction by 1.8 kg/m² with decreased visceral adiposity; (2) dysglycemia - hemoglobin A1c reduction as much as 1.8% with 89% achieving glycemic targets, as well as fewer medications used, time-in-range (TIR) improved 69.7% to 86.9%, and time-above-range decreased; (3) hypertension - normal blood pressure cases increased from 46.4% to 63.1% and outperforming standard care; (4) dyslipidemia - triglycerides decreased 18.8% and high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased 6.8%; (5) residual - metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease improvements; and (6) complications - improved chronic kidney disease, retinopathy, and cataract prediction, comprehensive CVD risk reduction, and medication de-escalation. In sum, DT appears promising for comprehensive and personalized T2D care and cardiometabolic risk reduction. Broader validation in diverse populations, refined implementation strategies, and eventual systematic reviews and meta-analyses are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.