SynthesisJournal of general internal medicine2026
Initiatives to Support the Homelife of Women Physicians: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of general internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Surgical training outcomes of female versus male surgeons in Japan.Surgery today · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWomen physicians are critical to healthcare delivery and have primary responsibility for homelife activities. Although diverse initiatives now support the work-related challenges of women physicians, published evidence about initiatives to address their homelife challenges has not been evaluated. We conducted a systematic review of interventions to mitigate diverse homelife responsibilities of women physicians.
methodsA comprehensive search was conducted for intervention studies with outcome measures related to childbearing, childcare, homelife responsibilities, and/or other family/personal support of women physicians in PubMed or PsycINFO and reference mining of publications. Publications at any time before September 15, 2025, were considered. Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data on the type of homelife initiative, study design, population, and setting for eligible studies. Results were extracted for prespecified outcomes: participation, uptake/response rates, effect on clinical outcomes, satisfaction, burnout, and practice engagement. Certainty of evidence and risk of bias of included studies were evaluated. No meta-analysis was performed due to study heterogeneity.
resultsOf 2896 reviewed citations, 8 studies met inclusion criteria including 5 from the USA and 1 each from Turkey, Germany, and Japan. Sample sizes ranged from 6 to 790. Interventions with outcome measures directly affecting homelife addressed lactation support (4); pre- and post-partum leave (2); and assistance with housework (2). All studies were limited by non-randomized design and selection effects. Only the effects of lactation interventions were graded as moderately positive for breastfeeding duration and reduced interference with work. All studies had moderate or high risk of bias.
conclusionThe evidence base of interventions to assist women physicians with their homelife responsibilities primarily addressed childbearing and childcare. Studies were generally methodologically weak and failed to offer support to women who did not have children. This review identifies an important opportunity for research to support women physicians' careers. REGISTRATION: CRD42025649041.
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Registered trials
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