Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41261256›Full record

SynthesisAesthetic plastic surgery2026

Clinical Durability of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Dermal Fillers for Facial Application: A Systematic Review.

Matheus de Castro Costa, Carolina Alves Andrade, Ruth Venâncio Fernandes Dantas, Marcelo Germani, Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, Diana Gabriela Soares

Abstract readSystematic ReviewReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Matheus de Castro CostaSchool of Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, Bauru, SP, 05508-000, Brazil. matheuscastropn@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-7689-2226
Carolina Alves AndradeSchool of Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, Bauru, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
Ruth Venâncio Fernandes DantasSchool of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Marcelo GermaniDepartment of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Marília Afonso Rabelo BuzalafDepartment of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Diana Gabriela SoaresSchool of Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227 - Cidade Universitária, Bauru, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.

Funding

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 88887.877799/2023-00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are widely regarded as safe and effective for soft tissue augmentation, including correction of nasolabial folds, wrinkles, lips, and facial contouring. Despite favorable clinical outcomes, long-term durability remains under investigation.

objectiveTo systematically review the effects of facial HA fillers on durability, patient satisfaction, and adverse events, providing a comprehensive overview for clinical and aesthetic practice.

methodsA systematic search was conducted in Virtual Health Library (BVS), Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for clinical and observational studies, case reports, and series reporting quantitative data with ≥12 months follow-up. Studies included patients treated with various HA formulations and focused on filler longevity, subjective satisfaction, and adverse effects.

resultsTwenty-four studies from 13 countries including 1,410 patients (81.8% female, 21-76 years) were analyzed. Nineteen HA brands were reported, with Restylane most frequent (21.1%). 3D volumetric assessments (64%) showed HA persistence of 50-86% at 24 months and 60-86.4% at 12 months, with one study reporting 6-9 months. Ultrasound (20%) indicated 12-36 months persistence; MRI (8%) and profilometry (4%) reported presence up to 12 months. Patient-reported satisfaction, measured via subjective scales, aligned with objective findings, declining alongside quantitative HA volume over time. Adverse effects were evaluated, with the majority immediate (72.6%) and long-term events rare (4.8%).

conclusionHA filler longevity is influenced by manufacturing technology, tissue mobility, and anatomical factors. All technologies demonstrated good durability, though Vycross was associated with more long-term adverse events. Subjective satisfaction mirrored objective persistence, emphasizing the clinical relevance of both assessments. Individualized product selection remains essential to achieve safe, predictable, and satisfactory outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Cosmetic TechniquesDermal FillersHyaluronic AcidSkin AgingAdultAgedEstheticsFaceFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient SatisfactionRejuvenationRisk AssessmentTreatment OutcomeDermal FillersHyaluronic AcidAestheticsDermal fillersEffectivenessHyaluronic acidLongevity

Identifiers

PMID41261256

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.