Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41259524›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

High-strength and fracture-resistant ionogels via solvent-tailored interphase cohesion in nanofibrous composite networks.

He Zhang, Weibin Jia, Mingze Sun, Yuxiang Chen, Xiaoyi Zhang, Hao Li, Xingdao He, Peng Shi, Lizhi Xu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

He ZhangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9501-0612
Weibin JiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedicine, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5532-7199
Mingze SunDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9357-4780
Yuxiang ChenDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6920-2263
Xiaoyi ZhangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7428-1058
Hao LiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0702-7380
Xingdao HeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedicine, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5361-1409
Peng ShiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedicine, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0629-4161
Lizhi XuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6888-0524

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ionogels are promising for soft robotics, energy systems, and bioelectronic interfaces due to their high ionic conductivity and environmental stability. However, combining high strength and fracture resistance remains challenging. Here, we report composite ionogels with outstanding mechanical strength (~65.4 megapascal) and fracture energy (~607 kilojoules per square meter), capable of bearing more than 5000 times their own weight. These ionogels are developed by tailoring solvent-solute interactions to create a dense, hyperconnected nanofibrous polymer network. Solvent engineering regulates hydrogen bonding competition, facilitating the formation of robust interphase hydrogen bonds and a soft-hard biomimetic interface. Moreover, their antidrying, breathable nature enables multifunctional electrophysiological monitoring, making them ideal for wearable bioelectronics. Their ionic conductivity, drug-loading capacity, and antibacterial properties allow their use in advanced e-bandages for chronic wound healing. This generalizable strategy for ionogel design opens pathways toward strong, versatile, and biocompatible materials, particularly valuable for next-generation soft materials, wearable electronics, and tissue engineering.

Indexed as

NanofibersSolventsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiocompatible MaterialsElectric ConductivityGelsHumansHydrogen BondingPolymersWearable Electronic DevicesAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiocompatible MaterialsGelsPolymersSolvents

Identifiers

PMID41259524
PMCPMC12629177

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.